Resins_2

U.S.N.F. uses alcohol (95%). Dose: 2 to 4 ml. (30 to 60  minims); U.S.N.F.
usual dose: 1 ml.

Galbanum (B.P.C. 1934).
Dose: 0.3 to 1 g. (5 to 15 grains).
Foreign Pharmacopeias: In Belg., Egyp., Fr., Ger., Nor., Span., and  Swiss.
A gum-resin obtained from Ferula galbaniflua and probably other species  of Ferula (Umbelliferae) in the form of yellowish-brown, or orange-brown.  rounded or irregular tears, or in agglutinated tears or in lumps. It has an  aromatic odour and a bitter taste. It contains 5 to 20% of volatile oil,  together with resin, gum, moisture, and mineral matter.
Uses. It has been employed as an expectorant and, in  combination with asafetida, as a pill in the treatment of nervous  disorders.

Pil. Galban. Co. (B.P.C. 1934). Compound Pills of Galbanum;  Compound Pills of Asafetida. Each contains galbanum 1 gr., asafetida 1 gr., and  myrrh 1 gr., massed with syrup of liquid glucose.
Dose: 1 or 2 pills.

Galbanum Oil. Galbani Essentia (Belg. P.). A yellowish  volatile oil with an aromatic odour, obtained from galbanum by distillation. Protect from light.

Myrrh (B.P.C.). Myrrha.
Foreign Pharmacopeias: In Belg., Chil., Dan., Egyp., Fr., Ger., Ind.,  Jug., Nor., Span., Swiss, and U.S.

An oleo-gum-resin obtained from the stem of Commiphora molmol and  possibly other species of Commiphora (Burseracere). Reddish-brown or  reddish-yellow tears, with an aromatic odour and bitter, acrid taste. It  contains resin, gum, and 7 to 17% of volatile oil.

Soluble in water to the extent of about 50% (forms whitish  emulsion on trituration), the remainder being mostly soluble in alcohol; soluble  in alkalis. Store in a cool dry place.

Uses. It is carminative and, during excretion, mildly  expectorant, diaphoretic, and diuretic. It is occasionally used as an ingredient  in mouth washes.

Tinct. Myrrh. et Borac. (B.P.C. 1949) Tincture of Myrrh and  Borax. Tincture of myrrh 35 ml., tincture of krameria 3.5 ml., bergamot oil 0.2  ml., lemon oil 0.2 ml., orange oil 0.2 ml., neroli oil 0.1 ml., rosemary oil 0.2  ml., borax2.5 g., glycerin 5 ml., alcohol (90%) to 100 ml. It is used as an  astringent mouth-wash and gargle.

Tincture of Myrrh (B.P.C.) Tinct. Myrrh. Prepared by  macerating myrrh 1 in 5 of alcohol. A similar tincture is included in U.S.N.F.  and several foreign pharmacopoeias.
Dose: 2 to 4 ml. (30 to 60 minims).

Myrrh Oil. Myrrhre Essentia (Belg. P.) A yellow,  greenish-yellow, or brownish-yellow, thick volatile oil, obtained from myrrh by  distillation. Soluble 1 in 10 of alcohol (90%). Protect from  light.

Prepared Storax (B.P.) Styrax Preparatus; Liquid Storax;  Purified Storax; Balsamum Styrax Liquidus; Styrax Depuratus; Estoraque  Iiquido.

The purified balsam obtained from the trunk of Liquidambar orientalis  (Hamamelidaceae). It is a brown, viscous liquid with an agreeable balsamic  odour and taste. Foreign Pharmacopeias: In Belg., Cz., Egyp., Fr.  Ind. Swed., and Swiss. Span. specifies crude storax. Storax Estoraque of U.S.  and Chil. is crude storax from L.orientalis or L. styraciflua (American  storax).
Soluble in alcohol, chloroform, carbon disulphide, and  glacial acetic acid; partly soluble in ether.
Uses. It has actions similar to those of balsam of peru and  has been used in the form of an ointment 1 in 4 in benzoinated lard) in the treatment of scabies and other  parasitic skin diseases.

PROPRIETARY PREPARATION CONTAINING STORAX
[P2] Storaxol (Parke,Davis). An ointment containing in each oz. storax 9  gr., resorcinol 2 gr., menthol 2 gr., camphor 9 gr., phenol 22 gr., and  precipitated sulphur 87 gr .in a basis of lanolin and soft paraffin. For use in  acne, sycosis, parasitic and fungous skin diseases.

Storax Oil. Styracis Essentia (Belg. P.). A clear yellow to  dark brown volatile oil obtained from storax by distillation.

Colophony (B.P.). Coloph.; Resin; Rosin; Resina Terebinthinre;  Colophane.
Foreign Pharmacopeias: In all pharmacopeias examined except Dan. and  U.S., but is in U.S.N.F.

The residue after distilling the oil of turpentine from the oleoresin  obtained from various species of Pinus (Pinaceae). Translucent, yellow or  brownish-yellow, angular, brittle, readily fusible, glassy masses, with a faint  terebinthinate odour and taste. Insoluble in water; soluble in alcohol, ether, benzene, carbon disulphide, and fixed and volatile oils;  partly soluble in light petroleum. It should be stored in the unground condition.
Uses. Colophony is used as an ingredient of ointments and  plasters. Before the introduction of rubber-base adhesive plasters, resin  plaster had a wide use as a surgical protective but is now seldom used except as  a base for holding medicinal agents in contact with the skin, as in Plaster-mass  of Lead with Colophony. Resin ointment and compound resin cerate have been used  as protective and stimulant dressings for blisters and wounds, and resin  ointment is applied as a stimulant to indolent ulcers and boils. Carbolised  resin is used as an obtundent and antiseptic filling for carious cavities of  teeth.

Compound Resin Cerate. Deshler’s Salve. Resin 23, yellow wax  22, prepared suet 30, turpentine oleoresin 12, linseed oil 13. Melt together the  resin, wax, and suet, and add the turpentine oleoresin and linseed oil ;  continue the heat, if necessary, until the mixture is liquefied, strain and stir  until it congeals.

Heusner’s Glue. Resin (commercial) 50, Venice turpentine 5,  methylated spirit 50, benzene 25. For applying extension in fractures. The  following have also been suggested:

(1) Dammar 250, castor or linseed oil 30, benzene 700,  sodium bicarbonate 50, amyl acetate a few drops. (2) Colophony 300,  Venice turpentine 20, castor or linseed oil 10, benzene 700, sodium bicarbonate  60, amyl acetate a few drops.

Ointment of Colophony (B.P.C.) Resin Ointment; Yellow  Basilicon Ointment.
Colophony 26 g., yellow beeswax 26 g., olive oil 26 g., and lard 22  g.

Guaiacum Wood (B.P.C. 1949). Guaiac. Lign.; Lignum Vitre;  Bois de Guaiac; Guajakholz. .
Foreign Pharmaeopmias: In Ger. Nor. and Swiss.

The heartwood of Guaiacum officinale and of G. sanctum (Zygophyllaceae)  containing 18 to 25% of guaiacum resin. Uses. It is used as a source of guaiacum  resin and as an ingredient of compound decoction pf sarsaparilla.

Guaiacum Resin (B.P.C. 1949) Guaiac. Res.; Guaiac; Guaiac  Resin; Guaiacum; Guajakharz.
Dose: 0.3 to 1 g. (5 to 15 grains).
Foreign Pharmacopeias: In Belg., Cz., Egyp.,Jug., and Swiss. Also in  U.S.N.F.

Tinct. Guaiac. (B.P.C. 1934).
Tincture of Guaiacum. 1 in 5 of guaiacum resin; prepared by macerating  with alcohol (90%) for 48 hours and filtering. Dose: 2 to 4 ml. (30 to 60  minims).

Tinct. Guaiac. Ammon. (B.P.C. 1949). Ammoniated Tincture of  Guaiacum.
Macerate guaiacum resin 20 g. with strong solution of ammonia 7.5 ml. and  alcohol (90%) 70 ml. for 48 hours; filter, and dissolve in the filtrate nutmeg  oil 0.3 ml. and lemon oil 0.2 ml. ; pour sufficient alcohol (90%) through the  filter to produce 100 mI.
Dose: 2 to 4 ml. (30 to 60 minims). In  mixtures, the resin should be suspended with 1 in 8 of mucilage of tragacanth,  mucilage of acacia, or a mixture of both.

Troch. Guaiac. Res. (B.P.C. 1949) Lozenges of Guaiacum  Resin. Each contains guaiacum resin 3 gr. in fruit basis.

Shellac (B.P.C.) Lacca; Lacca in Tabulis.
Foreign Pharmacopeias: In Dan., Hung. and Span.

A resinous substance formed by a scale insect, Laccifer lacca (Coccidae)  which lives on the sap of the stems of various plants. Pale lemon-yellow to  brownish-orange, odourless, tasteless scales. Insoluble in water;  readily soluble in warm alcohol; almost completely soluble in alkali  hydroxide solutions; and borax solutions. Shellac is used with cetostearyl  alcohol as an enteric coating for pills and tablets.

Vernix Enterosolubilis (Dan. P.). Vanillin 250 mg.,  terpineol 2.35 g., monolein 3.5 g., shellac 23.5 g., ether 33 .4g., and methyl  alcohol 37 g.

Mastic (B.P.C.). Mastiche; Mastix; Almaciga.
Foreign Pharmacopeias: In Belg. Cz. Dan. Ger. Hung. Jug. Nor. Span. Swed.  Swiss. Also in U.S.N.F.

A resinous exudation from certain forms or varieties of Pistacia  lentiscus (Anacardiaceae). Small, hard, yellowish tears with an aromatic odour  and agreeable taste, becoming plastic when chewed.

M.p. 105 to 120 C. Insoluble in water; partly soluble in alcohol and turpentine oil; soluble 2 in 1 of ether, 2 in  1 of chloroform, and in acetone and benzene. Use. Solutions of mastic in  alcohol, ether, or chloroform, are used, applied on cotton wool, as temporary  fillings for carious teeth, and Compound Paint of Mastic is used as a protective  covering for wounds and to hold gauze and radium needles in  position.

Compound Paint of Mastic (B.P.C.) Pig. Mastich. Co.

Benzo-mastic; Mastic Solution. Mastic 40 g., castor oil 1.25 ml., benzene  to 100 ml. Store in a cool place. Several foreign pharmacopreias include  similar preparations, usually containing about 30% of mastic and with 1 to 2% of  linseed oil instead of castor oil.

WOUND DRESSING. The temporary first-aid bandage, if any, is removed and  the wound, even if blood-smeared, is painted immediately with a sufficient  covering of the paint and then a dressing is applied. Slight injuries may have a  layer of sterile gauze first to draw off the wound secretion.

Microscopic Varnish. Mastic 1/2 oz., caoutchouc 15 gr.,  chloroform 2 oz. macerate and filter.

Tinct. Ammon. Co. (B.P.C. 1934). Compound Tincture of  Ammonia; Eau de Luce. Mastic 1.25 g., alcohol (90%) 5.5 ml., lavender oil  0.15 ml., strong aolution of ammonia to 100 ml. Applied topically for the relief  of insect bites.

PROPRIETARY PREPARATION CONTAINING MASTIC.
Benzo-Mastiche (Martindale: Savory & Moore). A brand of Compound  Paint of Mastic.

Sandarac (B.P.C. 1949, Dan. P.) Sandaraca; Gum  Juniper.
A resin obtained by incision of the stem of Tetraclinis articulata  (Cupressaceae). Brittle, pale yellow tears, which do not agglomerate when  chewed, with a slightly terebinthinate odour and taste. M.p. 130 to 160  C. Insoluble in water; soluble in alcohol, amyl alcohol, and  ether; partly soluble in chloroform, carbon disulphide, and turpentine  oil.
Use; Sandarac is used in alcoholic solution, 2 parts of the  resin and 1 of alcohol (90%), on cotton wool, as a temporary filling for carious  teeth. It is also used for the preparation of pill varnishes, and as an  ingredient of industrial varnishes.

Pill Varnish. A solution of sandarac I in 2 of alcohol (95%)  or, for quicker drying, sandarac 1 in a mixture of alcohol (95%) 1 and ether 1. About 5  to 8 drops are sufficient to coat one dozen 5-grain pills.