Cinchona. Cinchona (B.P.C.). Cinchona Bark; Jesuit's Bark; Peruvian Bark; China;
Cortex; Quinquinas; Quina. Consists of the dried bark of cultivated trees of Cinchona calisaya, C. ledgeriana, C. officinalis, and C. succirubra (Rubiaceae), or of hybrids of these containing not less than 6% of total alkaloids. Preparations are incompatible with salicylates and iodides. Foreign Pharmacopoeias: In all Pharmacopeias examined except Chin, and U.S. They specify one (C. succirubra) or more of the above species. The principal dried barks used for the production of the salts of the cinchona alkaloids are: red cinchona bark, from C. succirubra, yielding 6 to 9% of total alkaloids, 1.5 to 3.5% being quinine; yellow cinchona bark, from C. calisaya, yielding 6 to 7% of alkaloids, 3 to 4% being quinine; pale cinchona bark (crown or Loxa bark), from C. officinalis, yielding about 6% of alkaloids half being quinine; ledger bark, from C. ledgeriana, yielding 10 to 14% of quinine. Hybrid bark, usually a hybrid between C. ledgeriana and C. succirubra, forms a large proportion of the bark of commerce and yields a high percentage of quinine. QUININE. Uses. Cinchona is a bitter stomachic and has astringent properties. It may sometimes cause vomiting and if taken over long periods may give rise to symptoms of cinchonism. To keep the alkaloids in solution, liquid preparations of cinchona are usually given in acid media but the decoction and the tinctures are prescribed with ammonium bicarbonate and in these cases Mucilage of Acacia should be added to suspend the alkaloids.Dec. Cinchon. Cone. (B.P.C. 1949). Concentrated Decoction of Cinchona. Extract of Cinchona (B.P.C.). Ext. Cinchon.
Extrait de Quinquina Jaune (Fr. P.). Yellow Cinchona Extract. Extrait de Quinquina Rouge (Fr. P.). Red Cinchona Extract. Extrait de Quinquina Rouge (Fluide) (Fr. P.). Red Cinchona Liquid
Extract. Liquid Extract of Cinchona (B.P.C.). Ext. Cinchon. Liq. Inf. Cinchon. Acid. Cone. (B.P.C. 1949). Concentrated Acid Infusion of
Cinchona. Prepared by percolation of cinchona, 1 in 2.5, with alcohol
(20%) containing 12.5% v/v of dilute sulphuric acid. Inf. Cinchon. Acid. Rec. (B.P.C. 1949). Fresh Acid Infusion of Cinchona. Mist. Cinchon. Acid. (N.F. 1939). Mist. Cinchon. Ammon. (N.F. 1939). Liquid extract of cinchona 10 m., ammonium carbonate 3 gr., chloroform water to � fl. oz. Dose: 15 ml. ( � fl. oz.). Tinct. Cinchon. (B.P.C. 1949). Tincture of Cinchona. Tinct. Cinchon. Co. (B.P.C. 1949, Ind. P.). Compound Tincture of
Cinchona. Prepared from extract of cinchona 5 g., dried bitter-orange
peel 5 g., Serpentary 2.5 g., cochineal 300 mg., and alcohol (70%) to 100
ml. The orange peel, serpentary, and cochineal, are macerated in the alcohol
for 7 days, the extract is dissolved in the strained liquid which is then
adjusted to volume with more alcohol, set aside for at least 48 hours, and
filtered. Vin de Quinquina Officinal (Fr. P.). Cinchona Wine. PROPRIETARY PREPARATIONS OF CINCHONA. Dose: 1 to 2 teaspoonfuls with or immediately after meals. Vibrona (Fletcher, Fletcher & Co.). A wine containing 0.03% of the total alkaloids of cinchona (as the hydrobromides). Totaquine (B.P.). Totaquina. Mex. and U.S.N.F. specify 70 to 80% of total alkaloids and 7 to 12% of anhydrous quinine. Almost insoluble in water; soluble almost completely in warm alcohol and in chloroform; partly soluble in ether, benzene, and light petroleum. Protect from light and moisture. Uses. This mixture of cinchona alkaloids was introduced in 1934, under the auspices of the Health Organisation of the League of Nations, as a cheap and easily prepared substitute for quinine for the mass treatment of malaria. The treatment of a large series of cases of benign and malignant tertian malaria with totaquine and with quinine showed that these two drugs were about equal in clinical value. It proved to be no more toxic and can be safely substituted for quinine with a consequent considerable saving in expenditure.�A. N. Kingsbury, Rep. Inst. med. Res., F.M.S., 1937, 4. Ninety-five febrile malaria patients with schizonts in the blood were treated with totaquine and 132 similar patients with quinine bisulphate. In one series each patient received 15 gr. of one or other drug a day for 5 days. In a second series the daily dose of both drugs was 20 gr. The results indicated that totaquine is more effective than quinine bisulphate in similar doses in stabilising temperature, in causing the disappearance of parasites from peripheral blood and in inhibiting the formation of gametocytes in all forms of infection.�E. M. Wijerama, per Trap. Dis. Bull., 1940, 37, 668. Cinchona Febrifuge (Ind. P.). Cinchon. Febri. Quinetum (B.P.C. 1934). Did you find what you were looking for? If not use the site search engine at the top right hand of the page or consult the main library.
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